What causes type 2 diabetes?

 

What causes type 2 diabetes?

Type 2 diabetes is primarily caused by a combination of genetic factors and lifestyle choices that lead to insulin resistance, where the body's cells do not respond properly to insulin. Over time, the pancreas may also produce less insulin. Key causes include:

1. Obesity: Excess body fat, especially around the abdomen, is strongly linked to insulin resistance.

2. Physical inactivity: A sedentary lifestyle contributes to weight gain and insulin resistance.

3. Genetics: A family history of type 2 diabetes increases the risk, as certain genetic factors affect how the body produces and uses insulin.

4. Poor diet: Diets high in refined carbohydrates, sugary foods, and unhealthy fats can increase blood sugar levels and contribute to insulin resistance.

5. Age: The risk of developing type 2 diabetes increases with age, especially after 45, though younger people are increasingly affected due to rising obesity rates.

6. High blood pressure and cholesterol: These conditions are often associated with insulin resistance and increase the risk of type 2 diabetes.

7. Hormonal conditions: Certain hormonal disorders, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), can raise the risk of type 2 diabetes.

8. Sleep problems: Poor sleep, especially conditions like sleep apnea, has been linked to an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

These factors lead to impaired glucose regulation, resulting in elevated blood sugar levels over time.